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The research

Every study, in one place.

Browse the human research behind each ingredient. Filter by product or by what you're after, then read each one yourself on PubMed.

Product
Outcome
Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Skin Skin elasticity & moisture Tominaga et al., 2012 — Acta Biochimica Polonica Read → Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Skin Wrinkle depth & elasticity (12-wk RCT) Tominaga et al., 2017 — J. Clinical Biochemistry & Nutrition Read → Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Eyes Reduced eye fatigue Nagaki et al., 2002 — Journal of Traditional Medicines Read → Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Eyes Eye accommodation & strain Nakamura et al., 2004 — Clinical Therapeutics & Medicines Read → Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Recovery Muscle endurance & recovery Earnest et al., 2011 — Int. Journal of Sports Medicine Read → Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Recovery Exercise oxidative stress Klinkenberg et al., 2013 — Mediators of Inflammation Read → Astaxanthin + Olive Oil Heart Blood flow & cardiovascular markers Iwabayashi et al., 2009 — Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine Read → Saffron Mood Positive mood, healthy adults Kell et al., 2017 — Complementary Therapies in Medicine Read → Saffron Mood Reduced low mood & stress Lopresti et al., 2018 — Journal of Affective Disorders Read → Saffron Mood Mood in adults (8-wk RCT) Lopresti et al., 2014 — Journal of Affective Disorders Read → Saffron Mood Anxiety & depressive symptoms Mazidi et al., 2016 — J. Complementary & Integrative Medicine Read → Saffron Sleep Sleep onset & quality Lopresti et al., 2020 — Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine Read → Saffron Sleep Sleep quality (Affron® RCT) Pachikian et al., 2021 — Nutrients Read → Saffron Eyes Retinal & macular health Piccardi et al., 2012 — Evidence-Based Complementary Medicine Read → Berberine Metabolic Healthy blood glucose Yin et al., 2008 — Metabolism Read → Berberine Heart Cholesterol & lipid balance Kong et al., 2004 — Nature Medicine Read → Berberine Metabolic Pooled metabolic effects Lan et al., 2015 — J. Ethnopharmacology (meta-analysis) Read → Berberine Metabolic Type-2 diabetes (meta-analysis) Dong et al., 2012 — Evidence-Based Complementary Medicine Read → Berberine Heart Lipid-lowering (meta-analysis) Dong et al., 2013 — Planta Medica Read → Berberine Metabolic Insulin resistance & PCOS Wei et al., 2012 — European J. Endocrinology Read → Berberine Metabolic Gut microbiome modulation Zhang et al., 2015 — Scientific Reports Read → NMN Longevity NAD+ metabolism & insulin sensitivity Yoshino et al., 2021 — Science Read → NMN Longevity Oral safety & bioavailability Irie et al., 2020 — Endocrine Journal Read → NMN Energy Muscle & physical performance Igarashi et al., 2022 — npj Aging Read → NMN Longevity NAD+ increase in adults Yi et al., 2023 — GeroScience Read → NMN Energy Aerobic capacity in runners Liao et al., 2021 — J. Int. Society of Sports Nutrition Read → NMN Longevity Sleep & performance (older adults) Kim et al., 2022 — Nutrients Read → NMN Longevity Safety & tolerability Okabe et al., 2022 — Frontiers in Nutrition Read → Glutathione Antioxidant Raised body glutathione stores Richie et al., 2015 — European Journal of Nutrition Read → Glutathione Immune NK-cell & immune function Sinha et al., 2018 — European J. Clinical Nutrition Read → Glutathione Skin Skin brightness & elasticity Weschawalit et al., 2017 — Clinical, Cosmetic & Investigational Dermatology Read → Glutathione Antioxidant Oral glutathione & oxidative stress Park et al., 2014 — European Journal of Nutrition Read → Glutathione Skin Skin melanin & UV protection Handog et al., 2016 — Int. Journal of Dermatology Read → Glutathione Liver Liver enzymes & fatty liver Honda et al., 2017 — BMC Gastroenterology Read → Methyl B6 + B12 Energy 5-MTHF bioavailability vs folic acid Pietrzik et al., 2010 — Clinical Pharmacokinetics Read → Methyl B6 + B12 Heart Homocysteine metabolism Verhoef et al., 2005 — American J. Clinical Nutrition Read → Methyl B6 + B12 Heart Homocysteine lowering (meta-analysis) Clarke et al., 2010 — Archives of Internal Medicine Read → Methyl B6 + B12 Energy Active folate absorption Prinz-Langenohl et al., 2009 — British J. Pharmacology Read → Methyl B6 + B12 Energy B12 & cognitive function Smith et al., 2010 — PLOS ONE Read → Methyl B6 + B12 Energy Methylcobalamin & nerve health Zhang et al., 2013 — Journal of Neurology Read → CoQ10 Ubiquinol Heart Heart-failure outcomes (Q-SYMBIO) Mortensen et al., 2014 — JACC: Heart Failure Read → CoQ10 Ubiquinol Energy Ubiquinol absorption Hosoe et al., 2007 — Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology Read → CoQ10 Ubiquinol Heart Statin-associated muscle symptoms Skarlovnik et al., 2014 — Medical Science Monitor Read → CoQ10 Ubiquinol Heart Blood pressure (meta-analysis) Rosenfeldt et al., 2007 — J. Human Hypertension Read → CoQ10 Ubiquinol Energy Exercise performance & fatigue Mizuno et al., 2008 — Nutrition Read → CoQ10 Ubiquinol Heart Endothelial & vascular function Gao et al., 2012 — Atherosclerosis Read → Magnesium Glycinate Sleep Sleep quality in older adults Abbasi et al., 2012 — J. Research in Medical Sciences Read → Magnesium Glycinate Calm Bisglycinate absorption vs oxide Schuette et al., 1994 — JPEN Read → Magnesium Glycinate Sleep Magnesium & sleep (systematic review) Mah & Pitre, 2021 — BMC Complementary Medicine Read → Magnesium Glycinate Calm Stress & anxiety Boyle et al., 2017 — Nutrients Read → Magnesium Glycinate Calm Magnesium status under stress Pickering et al., 2020 — Nutrients Read → Magnesium Glycinate Muscle Muscle cramps (review) Garrison et al., 2020 — Cochrane Database Read → Magnesium Glycinate Heart Blood pressure (meta-analysis) Zhang et al., 2016 — Hypertension Read →

Citations refer to published, peer-reviewed research on the ingredients — not on these finished products. Not evaluated by the FDA.†